Greeting
It is customary in Australia to greet people by shaking hands, introducing oneself and presenting a business card. Australians are generally very amicable, and residents of Sydney are no exception. Normally, a casual and relaxed atmosphere ensues no matter what the setting, and conversation generally flows very easily.
Tipping
In Australia, unlike other Western countries, mandatory tipping is generally not as prevalent. Hotels and restaurants do not charge for service; however, in more popular and expensive establishments a tip of between 10-15% of the total bill is seen as acceptable. Hotel porters and room service may expect a tip of around AUD$1 for their services. Similarly, minicab drivers normally expect the fare to be rounded up with small change to the nearest dollar as a gratuity.
Dress
For business, gentlemen are generally expected to wear a suit and tie, and women may wish to wear a suit, trouser suit (pantsuit) or conservative dress. When not engaged in business, casual clothes are acceptable in most situations, with the exception of some restaurants and hotel lounges, which may require a jacket and tie to be worn by gentlemen or more formal attire to be worn by ladies.
Smoking
Smoking has become increasingly unacceptable in Australia. Smoking areas in public buildings, bars, restaurants and public transport are normally well marked. If you are a smoker, exercise discretion and sensitivity when selecting a place in which to smoke. The best advice would be not to smoke unless others around you do so.
Region-specific details
Since the Second World War, New South Wales, as well as much of Australia, has seen a steady influx of immigrants, mainly from Europe, but also from south-eastern Asia and the Middle East. These outside influences, mixing with a society of mainly British and Aboriginal descent, have produced a cosmopolitan and egalitarian cultural climate, making Australia one of the world's largest ethnic melting pots.
The official language of Australia is English, although Australian English may contain slang and diminutives.
The seasons in Australia are opposite to those in the northern hemisphere. It is advisable to check the weather conditions before travelling, and pack suitable attire for the season.
Sydney prides itself on its cultural diversity, and the crowning achievement of this has to be Sydney's most famous landmark - the world-renowned Opera House. The unusual design, by Jørn Utzon, was a result of a competition in 1957. However, work was not completed until 20th October 1973.
